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Sidney Lumet was born on June 25, 1924 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. He graduated from Columbia University in drama literature. Coming from an acting more

Sidney Lumet was born on June 25, 1924 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. He graduated from Columbia University in drama literature. Coming from an acting family, Lumet made his debut as an actor on the radio at the age of 4, and at 5 - for the first time entered the theater stage. He made his first film appearance when he was 15 in One Third of a Nation (1939). From 1942 to 1946, Lumet served in American air defense in Burma and India, and on his return from the army he organized his own troupe. Since 1950, he worked on television, in 1964 he first acted as a producer; his directorial debut in the film was the film 12 Angry Men (1957), which starred Henry Fonda and which brought Lumet an Oscar nomination and a director's guild award. Among the subsequent works of the director are such masterpieces of social and psychological cinema as “System of Security” (1964), “Rostovschik” (1965), “Telenetwork” (1976), “Verdict”, “Serpico” and others.

George Dewey Cukor was born on July 7, 1899 in New York (USA). He began his creative career in the theater in 1919, getting a job as an assistant director more

George Dewey Cukor was born on July 7, 1899 in New York (USA). He began his creative career in the theater in 1919, getting a job as an assistant director at the Chicago Theater “The Better ‘Ole”. From 1920 to 1927, George Cukor worked as a director at the Lyceum Theatre in Rochester and then at the Empire Theatre on 42nd Street. In the whirlpool of cinema Cukor dragged in 1929 - first he wrote dialogue, then was the second director and co-director. Cukor’s first production was the satirical comedy “The Defected Lady”, and the director gained popularity thanks to film adaptations of works of classical and modern literature – on his account “Little Women”, “David Copperfield”, “Lady with Camellia”, “Romeo and Juliet”. George Cukor filmed famous stars of cinema - John Barrymore, Greta Garbo, Spencer Tracy, Cary Grant, Catherine Hepburn. Some of the best films of the director were the films “A Star Is Born” (with Judy Garland) and “Wild Wind” (with Anna Magnani and Anthony Quinn). A special place in the work of George Cukor takes a magnificent adaptation of the famous musical “My Fair Lady”, in which the main roles were performed by the unforgettable Audrey Hepburn and Rex Harrison.

Czech film director Milos Forman was born on February 18, 1932. Having lost his parents who died at Auschwitz, he was forced to make his way through life more

Czech film director Milos Forman was born on February 18, 1932. Having lost his parents who died at Auschwitz, he was forced to make his way through life on his own.

Having chosen a creative career, he entered the Prague Film School. In 1974 he began working on the film adaptation of the novel. work brings him the first resounding success - the picture received five Oscars at once, triumphantly passed at the box office and took 20th place in the ranking of the best films of the century.

The second work that cemented the directorial success of Milos Forman was the film. "Amadeus" Nominated for eight Oscars and received the Audience Award.

Subsequent films - "Love adventures of a blonde" . "The break-up" . "Ghosts of Goya" . "Man on the Moon" Although they did not have as much success with film critics, they still enjoyed quite a lot of popularity. /

Deservedly considered one of the brightest representatives of the humanistic direction of film art of the twentieth century, who managed to combine traditional more

Deservedly considered one of the brightest representatives of the humanistic direction of film art of the twentieth century, who managed to combine traditional Russian and Western styles in his work, Akira Kurosawa was born in 1910 in Tokyo.

Feeling an interest in painting, in 1927 Akira Kurosawa became a student of the Dosusya School of Painting. However, the fascination with cinema was stronger. Since 1936, Akiro Kurosawa has gained his first cinematic experience, working as an assistant director at a film studio. His first full-length work was Sugata Sanziro or the Legend of the Great Master of Judo, which was a great success for the audience. Follow-up work - "Drunk Angel" and "Rasemon" - brought the director world fame, and Rasemon was even awarded several awards - the Grand Prix of the Venice Festival and the Oscar for best foreign film.

The multifaceted talent of Akir Kurosawa was embodied in subsequent works. "Heaven and Hell" "Shadow of the Warrior," "Idiot" , which brought the director the love of the audience and numerous cinematic awards. /

Francois Truffaut was born in Paris, France on February 6, 1932. Roland Truffaut is the adoptive father of the child, the boy has never seen his own father. more

Francois Truffaut was born in Paris, France on February 6, 1932. Roland Truffaut is the adoptive father of the child, the boy has never seen his own father. From an early age, François was in the care of nannies and grandmothers, his love for books and music is her merit. At the age of ten, his mother and stepfather took the boy to their home, but he did not like to spend time at home, trying to appear there as rarely as possible. Truffaut's best friend was Robert Laschenet, whom he met in his youth and communicated until his death.


At the age of 8, the boy saw the film for the first time, it was Abel Hans’ Paradis Perdu. With this began his film mania, later because of this he often skipped school. If there was no money for the ticket, he sneaked into the cinema and watched all the movies in a row. He was expelled from several schools.

At the age of 14, he finally left school and began writing articles for magazines with his friend Jean-Luc Godard.


The first work in the film business for the young director was the picture “The Visit”, on which he worked in 1954, but his real debut took place only in 1959, when a full-length film appeared on the screens. Four hundred strokes" .


The film brought the young director not only world fame, but also an award at the International Festival in Cannes. Then followed the work on the paintings: "Stolen kisses" Jules and Jim, Antoine and Colette. Francois Truffaut constantly conducted experiments with various genres, he filmed a scientific novel. "Fahrenheit 451" Stylized the gangster film “Shoot the pianist” and directed the thriller “Green Room”. In 1973, the director directed the film American Night, which was nominated for an Oscar. In 1977, he played a role in the fantastic film “Close Encounters of the Third Kind” by Steven Spielberg. Truffaut's last work was Merry Sunday in 1983. The famous actor, screenwriter and director died on October 21, 1984 from brain cancer.

His full name is Joseph Roland Barbera.

Michael Curtitz (his real name is Mihai Kertez) was born on December 24, 1888 in Budapest, Austria-Hungary, to a wealthy Jewish family. His father was more

Michael Curtitz (his real name is Mihai Kertez) was born on December 24, 1888 in Budapest, Austria-Hungary, to a wealthy Jewish family. His father was an architect and his mother sang at the opera. On the opera stage at the age of eleven, he made his acting debut in a production with his mother. At the age of 17, he ran away from home with a stray circus, a year later he entered the theater stage, later became a director. Kertesh received his professional education at the Royal Academy of Theatre and Art. From 1912 he played in films, making his debut in the first Hungarian feature film. He became a film director in 1914, having learned the achievements of cinema in Holland and served on his return in the army. Until 1919, he produced about 30 films, and after the Hungarian Revolution, he emigrated and worked in Germany, Sweden, France and Austria and made 21 films in seven years. In 1926, the director received an invitation from Jack Warner - American film moguls were particularly impressed by the epic productions of Sodom and Gomorrah (1922) and The Slave Queen (1924) - and until 1953 he shot at the Warner Brothers studio. Michael Curtitz successfully staged films of various genres, on his account - classic thrillers "Doctor X" (1932) and "The Secret of the Wax Museum" (1933), dramas "20,000 years in Sing Sing" (1933) and "Woman" (1933), detective "Murder on the Psarna" (1933), film adaptation of "Sea Wolf" (1941). Since 1935, the director has directed numerous adventure films with Errol Flynn, including Captain Blood (1935), Attack of the Light Cavalry Brigade (1936), and The Adventures of Robin Hood (1938). In the history of cinema, Michael Curtitz also entered the famous melodrama "Casablanca", staged in 1942 and brought him an Oscar for directing. The heyday of the director's work fell precisely on the 1930s-1940s - among his subsequent notable films - the "black film" Mildred Pierce (1945), the musical "Night and Day" (1946), the comedy "Life with Father" (1947). With the collapse of the Hollywood studio system in the 1950s, Michael Curtitz’s career went into decline. The director died on April 10, 1962, and his last film was the Western Comancheros (1961) with John Wayne.

George Orson Welles was born on May 6, 1915 in Kenosha, Wisconsin, USA. He was orphaned at the age of twelve, losing both his father and his mother. George's more

George Orson Welles was born on May 6, 1915 in Kenosha, Wisconsin, USA. He was orphaned at the age of twelve, losing both his father and his mother. George's guardian was Maurice Bernstein.


At the age of sixteen (1931) George graduated from school, but further education was not to his liking. Instead of pursuing a career, Wells went to Ireland and then to London. He wanted to become a theater actor, but his attempts to perform on both the London stage and Broadway were unsuccessful. Not discouraged, George again went to travel, "taking a course" to Morocco. Wells wanted a thrill - once in Spain, he participated in bullfighting and, fortunately, survived. Traveling around the world, George did not forget about his main goal and, in the end, managed to get recommendations from popular authors, Thornton Wilder and Alexander Woolcott. This helped Wells get into the Katherine Cornell troupe. In her composition and as Tybald (Romeo and Juliet), the actor made his debut on the New York stage in 1934. This year was a very happy one in Wells’ life: he married actress Virginia Nicholson and directed his first short film, Heart of the Century. Three years later, with John Houseman, Wells created the Mercury Theatre. In 1938, the program "The Mercury Theatre on Air" was first broadcast on New York radio. Glory, albeit scandalous, brought this project the production of “War of the Worlds”. In 1941, Orson Welles’ film was released. "Citizen Kane" . At the box office, it failed, but this did not affect the value of the picture - it is still considered one of the diamonds of world cinema. In Citizen Kane, Wells was everything: writer, director, producer, lead actor. If everything was going well in terms of creativity, then financial failures affected the mood of George Wells. He left America and settled in Europe, where he lived and worked almost to the end. In the seventies, Wells was actively engaged in his acting career and for achievements in this field received in 1975 a special award of the American Film Institute. Nine years later, George Wells received the D.W. Griffith Award from the Directors Guild of America. On October 10, 1985, George Orson Welles died of a heart attack in Hollywood, to which he devoted his entire life. /

Mike Nichols (real name - Mikhail Igorevich Peshkovsky) was born on November 6, 1931 in Berlin, in the family of a doctor, a Russian Jew. In 1939, the more

Mike Nichols (real name - Mikhail Igorevich Peshkovsky) was born on November 6, 1931 in Berlin, in the family of a doctor, a Russian Jew. In 1939, the family emigrated to the United States from Nazi Germany. After the death of his father, the family was on the verge of poverty, and to pay for his studies at the University of Chicago, Mike Nichols worked as a night watchman, postal worker, and truck driver. Fascinated by his acting career, he studied at Lee Strasberg's Acting Studio (New York), and on his return to Chicago, organized an improvisational theater troupe. Mike Nichols began his career as a comedian and singer with performances in restaurants and cabaret. After touring his Broadway productions and television appearances, including with his first wife Helen May, Mike Nichols made his Broadway debut as a director in 1963. His comedies were very popular, and in 1966 the director made his film debut - bringing to the screen the famous drama "Who is afraid of Virginia Woolf?". The main roles in the film were played by Elizabeth Taylor and Richard Barton. With this very successful work, nominated for the Academy Award in 13 nominations at once, the director immediately declared himself as an “actor” director, and actresses Elizabeth Taylor and Sandy Dennis were awarded the Oscar. No less interest was caused by the next picture of Nichols - "The Graduate", based on the novel by C. Webb, released in 1967. It was in her, which became the manifesto of the “new Hollywood”, that the talent of Dustin Hoffman was first clearly revealed. For "The Graduate," Nichols won an Oscar for directing. The anti-war Catch-22 (1970) based on the novel by D. Heller, however, remained a disappointment for most viewers, but the director was rehabilitated by Carnal Knowledge (1971). Having staged Dolphin Day (1973) and State (1975), Mike Nichols in the second half of the 1970s again turned to theatrical productions, and was awarded 6 Tony Awards for them. In 1983, the director triumphantly returned to cinema with the social drama about the trade union activist Silkwood. Then followed "Jealousy" ("Oskomin") (1985) and "Biloxy Blues" (1988), popular with the audience was "Business Woman" (1988) with Melanie Griffith in the title role. The next directorial works of Mike Nichols were the dramas Postcards from the edge of the abyss (1990) and Something About Harry (1991), the parable film The Wolf (1994) with Jack Nichols in the title role was a great success. The audience was interested in his films “Cage for Birds” (1996) and “Basic Colors” (1998). An obvious failure was the film “From What Planet Are You?” (2000), but a year later the director rehabilitated himself by filming the Pulitzer Prize-winning play about a teacher who began to fight cancer – “Epilogue” (2001). The main role in the film was played by Emma Thompson.

English director Lin David was born in Croydon on March 25, 1908. From a young age he began to work at the film studio as a messenger, then as an editor, more

English director Lin David was born in Croydon on March 25, 1908. From a young age he began to work at the film studio as a messenger, then as an editor, and in 1942 he made his first film as a co-director, and his tape “Short Meeting” in 1945 brought him the Golden Palm at the International Cannes Film Festival. In 1946, a film based on the novel by Charles Dickens “Great Expectations” was published, and in 1948 the film “Oliver Twist” was filmed. Lin David had a rare sense of style and ability to work with actors. It is with the name of Lin David that the concept of “big cinema” appears in directing. Film Bridge over the River Kwai It is associated with large-scale, with the high cost of staging. In the film, the director links private history with major historical events. Lin Davies worked very carefully on the individual components of the film. The same thing happened with the movie. Lawrence of Arabia He was nominated for seven Oscars. In the film there are panoramic shootings of mass scenes, and again the director did not leave the development of subtle parts of the characters. For this novelty, Lin Davis was recognized as a master of directing.


However, in the 60s, his innovation in directing sounded academic, and the film “Doctor Zhivago” (1965) clearly illustrates this. The novel of the same name by Boris Pasternak is dominated by a word that did not fit into the framework of Hollywood scales. But the film was still a success with the audience, although it was not the best work of the master. The same was evident in the 1970 film “Daughters of Ryan”, in the romantic love story of a young Irish girl and an English officer during the Irish War of Independence. The film used declassified military optics, which again allowed to show the scale of the scenes and the film received an Oscar in the nomination “for best camera work”.


Painting by Lin David "Travel to India" It became the so-called retro, returned the viewer again to the great epic.

Lin David was awarded the knighthood.


Lin David died and was buried in England in 1991.

Lias Kazancıoğlu (Greek: Elia Kazancıoğlu) was born in Istanbul into a family of Greek cotton traders. In 1913, he and his family emigrated to New York, more

Lias Kazancıoğlu (Greek: Elia Kazancıoğlu) was born in Istanbul into a family of Greek cotton traders. In 1913, he and his family emigrated to New York, where his father became a carpet trader. After studying at a Massachusetts college, he enrolled at Yale University in the Department of Dramatic Art. In the 1930s, Kazan performed with the New York Theatre Group, which included Lee Strasberg, Clifford Odets, Luther and Stella Adler. Since 1934, Kazan has been a secret member of the Communist Party for almost two years. By the early 1940s, Elia Kazan had become one of New York’s most prominent theater directors, cementing a strong place among the city’s elite. As an actor, he successfully showed himself in productions of Men in White Coats, Waiting for Lefty, Johnny Johnson, Golden Boy and Liliom, and his directorial talent was demonstrated by the plays Streetcar Desire (1947), Cat on a Hot Roof (1955), written by Tennessee Williams, as well as productions of All My Sons and Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller. For the last two, as well as for the play "J.B." Elia Kazan received Tony Awards. In addition to the theater, Elia Kazan successfully proved himself as a talented film director, who created such famous films as The Gentleman's Agreement (1947) and In the Port (1954), which earned him two Oscars. He also directed the films Streetcar Desire (1951), East of Paradise (1955), Face in the Crowd (1957), Wild River (1960) and Magnificence in the Grass (1961). Elia Kazan was married three times. The first two marriages ended with the death of his spouses, and the third lasted until his own death. The director died on September 28, 2003 in New York at the age of 94. The figure of Elia Kazan was very controversial in American acting circles. In 1952, at a hearing before the Committee to Investigate Un-American Activities, he openly revealed the names of his associates in the Communist Party, of which he was a member in the mid-1930s.[2] At the same time, Kazan became one of the few who issued eight of his former fellow actors, because of which they immediately got into the Hollywood Blacklist and their career soon ended. Many American actors never forgave him, and when Elia Kazan was awarded an honorary Oscar in 1999, some (Nick Nolte, Ed Harris) refused to applaud at all, and some (Stephen Spielberg, Jim Carrey) applauded sitting down. A protest against the award was also made by the French director Jules Dassen, who himself fell into the Hollywood Blacklist in the early 1950s.

Alain René is a French screenwriter, director, cameraman and editor. At the age of fourteen, Alain shot the debut amateur film “Fantomas”, but only at more

Alain René is a French screenwriter, director, cameraman and editor.

At the age of fourteen, Alain shot the debut amateur film “Fantomas”, but only at the age of twenty chose cinema as his own profession. He studied acting at Simon's courses and studied at the director's courses at the French Film School.

Alain’s career as a director began with the release of the short film Van Gogh in 1948, which became his debut commercial work. In 1949, he shot the film “Guernica” on the canvas of Picasso. In the movie “Statues also die”, the director told about African art, but the tape was banned because it sounded anti-colonial motifs. Rene's reputation grew with each short film and reached the top after the release of the tape. "Night and fog" The story of the Nazi concentration camps. Here revealed his penchant for memories. Among his documentary films were “Gauguin”, “All the Memory of the World”, “The Secret of the Fifteenth Workshop” and “Song of Styrene”. The theme acquired the status of a deep, and the style became more complex in the debut feature film. Hiroshima, my love In 1959. Having decided to adopt Proust’s literature and Bergson’s philosophy, Alain moved away from the standard concepts, combining the present, the future and the past. In his second painting “Last year in Marienbad”, he created a canvas in which there was no storyline, and the meaning was completely unclear. An outstanding master of form, René probably proved to be the single most significant director to emerge from the ranks of the French New Wave. Despite always collaborating with writers in each of his films, critics considered him a true creator of his masterpieces. In 1976, the director was awarded the Grand Prize of French cinema.

American film director, actor and producer Sidney Irwin Pollack was born on July 1, 1934 in Lafayette, Indiana. His parents - housewife Rebecca Miller more

American film director, actor and producer Sidney Irwin Pollack was born on July 1, 1934 in Lafayette, Indiana. His parents - housewife Rebecca Miller and professional boxer, who became a pharmacist after his sports career, David Pollack - emigrated to the United States from Odessa. After the divorce of his parents, Sidney lived with his mother, until he lost her at the age of sixteen - Rebecca, who suffered from alcoholism, died. Since 1952, he has been studying for two years at the Neighborhood Playhouse School of the Theater. After serving in the army, the young man earns a living by acting: he starred in television plays, plays in Broadway plays, simultaneously working as a director and teaching acting.


In 1965, Pollack announced himself as a film director with a psychological drama. "Thin thread" It starred American actors Anne Bancroft and Sidney Poitier. The fourth directorial work of Sidney Pollack brings him major success and the first Oscar nomination for best director of the year. Released on the wide screen in 1969 film adaptation of the novel of the same name "They shoot horses, don't they?" It was warmly received by the audience, largely due to the great game. "Three days of the Condor" The melodrama "Electric Rider".


However, the real triumph comes to the director with the release in 1982 of a comedy with Dustin Hoffman. Tootsy . The tape was again nominated for an Oscar for directing, and although the film did not receive the coveted statuette, the Library of Congress called it a “significant cultural phenomenon” and was selected for storage in the National Film Registry. In 1986, the director finally received an Oscar for Best Director and Best Film of the Year. In total, his painting “Out of Africa” receives seven Oscars, three Golden Globe Awards and three BAFTA Awards. In the 1990s, Pollack began producing and spent more time acting – he played in Woody Allen’s Husbands and Wives, Robert Altman’s The Gambler, Robert Zemeckis’s Death to Her Face, and Stanley Kubrick’s Eyes Wide Shut. His last film role was his work in the romantic comedy “The Bride’s Friend” by Paul Weiland. Sidney Irwin Pollack died on May 26, 2008 in Los Angeles.

Rainer Werner Fassbinder’s whole life is the embodiment of the motto “Live fast, die young”. Born on May 31, 1945, the Bavarian lived 37 years and 10 more

Rainer Werner Fassbinder’s whole life is the embodiment of the motto “Live fast, die young”. Born on May 31, 1945, the Bavarian lived 37 years and 10 days, making 43 films (including a fifteen-hour television series). Berlin, Alexandrplatz ) and about the same number of performances. He has won a dozen and a half prestigious cinematic awards, including the Silver Bear and the Golden Bear of the Berlin Film Festival. In 2010, his name was immortalized on the Boulevard of Stars in Berlin. Having never received a certificate of secondary education and twice failed at the entrance exams to the Berlin Academy of Film and Television, Rainer nevertheless managed to try almost all professions related to cinema in one way or another. He played in cinema and theater, wrote scripts and music for his paintings, worked as a cameraman and editor, manager and producer. The first commercial success brings the director released in 1971 film “The Merchant of the Four Seasons”, and in 1974 receives a number of prestigious awards and participates in the competitive program of the Cannes Film Festival new film Fassbinder. "Fear eats the soul" .


Already by 1976, Fassbinder gained international fame: retrospectives of his films are in Paris, New York and Los Angeles; the analysis of his work devote their research to the world's leading film critics, major film festivals celebrate his work with honorary prizes. He always worked in an unusually frenzied rhythm: the film Katzelmacher It was shot in just nine days, and in 1970, seven films of the director appeared on the screens. “I’ll sleep when they’re buried,” Fassbinder told friends. He fell asleep on the night of June 10, 1982 from an overdose of cocaine and sleeping pills. Rainer became addicted to drugs at the age of fifteen, visiting underground gay clubs. His open homosexuality is reflected in films, especially in the last film. Katzelmacher It was released after the death of Fassbinder. Playing the main role of the sailor Kerel, Rainer captured almost his own biography, not shy of even explicit homosexual scenes with his partner in the film and former lover in real life Gunther Kaufman.

Having received the title of the largest representative of surrealism in cinema, the famous Spanish director Luis Buñuel was born in 1900. Traditionally, more

Having received the title of the largest representative of surrealism in cinema, the famous Spanish director Luis Buñuel was born in 1900. Traditionally, he received his primary education at a Jesuit college, after which he entered the University of Madrid, where he was surrounded by famous writers and artists. Luis Buñuel's close friends become Federico Garcia Lorca Salvador Dali.

He published his first works in the genre of surrealism between 1928 and 1930. Movies Against Totalitarianism and Violence "Andalusian dog" and "Golden Age" They were banned for a long time and were not released on a wide screen.

The civil war that broke out in Spain caused a break in the work of Luis Buñuel, who at that time took an active part in the production of documentary films of an anti-fascist orientation.

Only in 1946 the director returned to the creation of artistic films. One of his best films, according to a large number of film critics, were paintings. "Big Cool" and "Forgotten" It was a huge success with the audience. At the Cannes Film Festival, the film “Forgotten” brought its creator the FIPRESCI Award and the prize for best director.

The filmography of Luis Buñuel is extremely extensive and includes such pearls of world cinema as "Fighter Angel" . "Maid's Diary" . "Viridiana" and "The modest charm of the bourgeoisie" . /

Fred Zinneman was born in Vienna to a Jewish family, his father was a doctor. He wanted to become a musician, but entered the University of Vienna, where more

Fred Zinneman was born in Vienna to a Jewish family, his father was a doctor. He wanted to become a musician, but entered the University of Vienna, where he studied law. He began his film career as a cameraman, and in 1930 he became one of the directors of the film “Sunday People”, on which future Hollywood directors Billy Wilder and Robert Siodmack also worked. Having arrived in the United States, Zinnemann became an assistant and translator to another émigré from Austria - writer and director Berthold Fiertel. Thanks to Firtel, Zinneman met actress Greta Garbo, directors Sergei Eisestein, Friedrich Murnau, Robert Flaherty. Zinneman called his work with documentary filmmaker Flaherty on the unfinished project “the most important event of my professional life.”[1] Zinneman played in the extras in the film “On the Western Front without change” (1930; based on the novel by Remarque), and the first feature film was shot in 1935 in Mexico. It was a documentary about fishermen called The Wave, commissioned by the Ministry of Agriculture. In 1936, Zinneman was granted U.S. citizenship and married René Bartlet, whose marriage would last until his death. Four years later, they had a son Tim, in the future a film producer. After returning from Mexico, Zinneman directed eighteen shorts for Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. For one of them, These Mothers Could Live (1938), he won an Oscar. In 1942, he directed the full-length detectives Eyes in the Night and The Gloves Killer. His first known film was the war drama The Seventh Cross, shot during World War II, starring Spencer Tracy. In the post-war years, Zinneman discovered two actors who would become stars: Search (1948) became a feature-length film debut for Montgomery Clift, and Men (1950) for Marlon Brando. In 1951, the director shot the last short film in his life, Benji, for which he was again awarded the Oscar. In 1952, one of Zinneman’s most famous films was released – the western “Exactly at Noon”. Screenplayed by the disgraced Carl Foreman and telling about a sheriff who was left alone with the bandits because the townspeople were afraid to help him, it was perceived as an allegory of the American society of the McCarthy era.[2] Conservative Howard Hawks and John Wayne criticized the film, their western “Rio Bravo” was a kind of response to the picture of Zinneman. Released in 1953, the drama “From Now and Forever” based on the novel by James Jones was awarded eight Oscars, including prizes for best director and best film. Despite the recognition and active employment, the director was dissatisfied with the atmosphere of the witch hunt that reigned in the United States, and in 1963 he left for the UK. Here he made several films, the most famous of which was the biography of Thomas More “Man for All Time” (1966), which won many awards. The story of the Catholic Sea, which came into conflict with King Henry VIII, received the approval of the Vatican[1], and in 1994 took first place in the list of best conservative films[3], despite the liberal reputation of the director. Fred Zinneman's last film was released in 1982, after which he retired from film. In 1992, he published his autobiography, Fred Zinneman on Cinema. Fred Zinneman died in 1997 at the age of 89 of a heart attack.