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Aleksandr Nikolaevich Radischev
Александр Радищев
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August 20, 1749 in the village of Upper Oblyazovo Saratov province in the family of Nikolai Afanasyevich Radishchev was born the firstborn, who was called Alexander. Nikolai Afanasyevich initially taught his son independently. Russian Charter Alexander Radishchev comprehended by psalter and hourbook. Around 1756, a university opened in Moscow, and Alexander was taken to his maternal uncle. The brother of his uncle A. M. Argamakov at that time headed the university, and Alexander, together with his
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August 20, 1749 in the village of Upper Oblyazovo Saratov province in the family of Nikolai Afanasyevich Radishchev was born the firstborn, who was called Alexander. Nikolai Afanasyevich initially taught his son independently. Russian Charter Alexander Radishchev comprehended by psalter and hourbook. Around 1756, a university opened in Moscow, and Alexander was taken to his maternal uncle. The brother of his uncle A. M. Argamakov at that time headed the university, and Alexander, together with his children, passed the gymnasium program under the supervision of a good tutor.
In 1762, Radishchev was sent to St. Petersburg in the page corps. After a while, a group of young nobles were sent to Germany to study law at the University of Leipzig. Among them was Radishchev.
Upon his return to St. Petersburg, Alexander served in the Senate as titular adviser, then as an ober-auditor he entered the service of the headquarters of Chief-General Bruce, where he conscientiously performed his duties. He retired in 1775, and three years later went to serve in the College of Commerce. Radishchev served in the collegium for ten years, after which he transferred to the customs of St. Petersburg.
At the same time, Radishchev studied Russian and read a lot, and soon decided to try himself in literature. The first work published in 1773 was a translation of Mabli’s Reflections on Greek History. Then Radishchev began to compile the history of the Russian Senate, but then destroyed the manuscript.
In 1789, Radishchev’s book “The Life of Fyodor Vasilyevich Ushakov” was published. At this time, the decree of Catherine II was published, which allowed free printing houses. Radishchev, taking advantage of this, founded his own, where he published a letter to a friend living in Tobolsk. There was also published the main work of Radishchev – “Journey from St. Petersburg to Moscow”. The book somehow got to Catherine II. The author’s arguments about serfdom and the outrages that took place in the Russian state aroused the wrath of the Empress. Radishchev was arrested and put in a fortress. During the interrogation, he refused his work and repented. However, Radishchev was charged with treason and sentenced to death. By the decree of Catherine II, the death penalty was replaced by a reference to the Ilim prison. Radishchev spent ten years in Siberia. His return was possible only after the death of Catherine II. During the reign of Paul I Radishchev lived in his estate in the Kaluga province. Full freedom received under Alexander I. He was introduced into the commission for drafting laws and moved to St. Petersburg.
The causes and circumstances of Radishchev’s death are still unclear. According to one version, he committed suicide, according to another, he accidentally poisoned himself with tsarist vodka, and the burial documents indicate that Radishchev died of consumption. /